KAREN CLOSE | at Expressions, 15 November 2007
The Art of Dionysos
Dionysos is the Greek god of wine. Although today his Roman
descendant, Bacchus, has somewhat usurped his reputation, classical study reveals
he is the source first renowned for giving man the merriment and freedom
from care that accompanies intoxication; a mental alchemy with an
important purpose.
More than a god with a taste for grape juice, Dionysus travels the world
with his band of revellers to spread the vine and to inspire creativity. He is a
casual deity, usually wrapped in a loose robe. His symbol is the leaf of the
grapevine. He has been celebrated since the emergence of the cult of Dionysos in
southern Greece in the fourth century BC.
For me it seems Dionysos is the origin of the Green Man, the symbol
of Man's Oneness with Nature, found by different names and in different
guises in the art of cultures around the world. Looking for his image is an intriguing
pilgrimage through art history. Look for carvings or
illuminations of a human head within a mass of leaves.
Sometimes, the leaves appear to grow out of the head
itself; at other times the human head seems to be
a chance result of the configuration of the leaves.
I believe he appeared to me on a visit to
Cathedral Grove in October 1996.
The Green Man recurs in most of the
important movements in Western culture up to the early
20th century when he largely disappeared, but he is
of godly descent. He possesses the lively ability to
slip from one movement of civilization to another.
He always presents a new aspect of his nature in
symbolizing whatever is the most dynamic and important need in a particular period. In his purest
representation, the Green Man is a symbol of divine
and human creativity. For the Gothic artist he was
the image of the creative power on which they had
to draw to create their masterpieces. He
represented the creative energy that must be channelled
from that higher power that made the universe above
and all physical things the power that would lead
them to create their destiny.
In the Renaissance, the Green Man appears as
a symbol of learning and fertile imagination in the works of Michelangelo, Donatello and
Mantegna. His reincarnation continues into the early
scientific age where he is seen as a symbol of prosperity.
He enjoys himself in the parades depicted in the
friezes and sculptures on the official and commercial
buildings of the late 19th century throughout Europe
and North America. Twentieth-century architecture then banished decoration from buildings.
The past century's emphasis on scientific
discovery has been dismissive of imagination. Seeing
a need, the Green Man has found a new context in today's environmental movement; he
symbolizes the relationship between humanity and nature.
It seems he has come back to warn, and to help us
in meeting the creative challenge presented by our
new understanding of the planet and our need for a
harmonious relationship with the cycles and
interconnections of the natural world. In our country
his voice is The Green Party.
In mythology the Green Man's power is a
story of alchemy a story about the control and
transformation of fierce, violent destructive
emotions transfigured into protective benevolence. In
most of the cultures in which the archetype Green
Man appears, he is closely connected with the archetype of the Goddess.
Throughout history whenever there has been a new statement of the feminine ideal, a
new aspect of the Green Man appears. He is mentioned today in connection to
the ancient Greek earth goddess Gaia. Her name has been brought back to
symbolize the unified complexities of the biosphere, that part of the earth's
crust, waters, and atmosphere that supports life.
In the stories from ancient Greek mythology, the young Dionysos
was created from the mind of Zeus and thus possesses all the wisdom of the
father of the gods. The myth relates the tale of how the Titans in a fit of jealousy
tore Dionysos apart and burned him. Humanity was created from his ashes.
Thus all human beings contain his divine knowledge. He is the universal mind
in which we all share. He is a symbol of our true nature the creativity of our souls.
Shortly before his death in 1997, renowned
British historian, William Anderson wrote The Face
of Glory: Creativity, Consciousness, Civilization.
In this book, Anderson suggests: The Green Man has
come back now in the context of environmental threats
to say to us: "I am life. Life is a challenge. How are
you going to meet my challenge?" That challenge is to
equal and surpass the creativity of our forebears in
finding solutions and harmonious resolutions to problems
on a scale humanity has never seen before ... The
challenge is to discover more about the nature of
creativity itselfif we learn more of the ways in which
creativity works, we may be able to put our creativity to
more efficient uses Creativity is the linking point
between all fields of human endeavour and thought ... the
study of creativity should enhance our knowledge and
understanding of civilization.
I am a retired art and English teacher.
Exploring and inspiring creativity, my own and others,
has been my life's passion. When I read Anderson's words I felt everything within me rise to the
challenge he describes. Significantly I recognize that
my generation will not solve the global challenges
facing humanity. Perhaps our bent on literal,
scientific left-brain thinking has destined many of
the problems. We allowed ourselves to be severed
from our mythological roots. All that I am knows we
now have a moral responsibility. We must educate
our youth so that they can recognize, release and
direct their innate wisdom to discover creative
solutions. They need to become reacquainted with
Dionysos, the Green Man, the voice of imagination. I
became his advocate when I took the 1996 photo in
Cathedral Grove and then more ardent after glimpsing what I
perceived to be his image in a Haida culturally modified tree
(CMT is what they call their totems). Although differently
named, the archetype of the Green Man is fundamental to Native art.
In the past, Native Aboriginals of North America lived their
lives in harmony with nature and their own nature. It was a way
of thinking, a way of being. It was not a way of adversary, of
being adversarial to nature and one's own nature. Their ways were
to understand human nature and the environment and their
part in it ... the life force involved in and articulated through the unique "creative
process" used by Native people is one which could make a
necessary contribution to the thinking of many peoples.
- Douglas Cardinal, Canadian architect, in The
Native Creative Process, 1991.
When I chose to paint an image from a
decaying CMT in Ninstints, Haida Gwaii, BC, I became compelled to speak what I felt. Foremost, I am a
believer in experiential education. When asked to
participate in Cedar Creek Estate Winery's Barrel
Art project in support of Kelowna's Life & Arts
Festival, I saw my opportunity. I delighted that the
Daily Courier chose to picture my
Dionysos with the caption "Get the Party Started," that the Rotary
Centre chose to keep him on display for the summer
so that youth participants could meet him, and finally that
director Tracie Ward should ask me to be a guest artist at the
centre during the fall wine festival.
Perhaps contrary to the Courier's intent, the "Parties"
I vision are really adventures in the arts. I have been working on
my dream for almost a decade after first conceiving a program I
call abc experiencing: Experiential Learning Adventures in Arts,
Biology and Culture. The program is my way of sharing what I
value with my community. My exhibition at the Rotary Centre
presents my personal works inspired as I have evolved the philosophy
and process of abc experiencing. In Kelowna I
have presented my program with The Boys and Girls Club, Big Brothers and Sisters, at Casorso
Elementary School to a class who transferred what they
learned into a sculpture for the Fire exhibition at the Kelowna
Art Gallery, and with informal small groups. All
participants have loved their involvement.
My goal is to share the ideas of the program so that the
citizens of Kelowna, young and old, will be encouraged
to come together in the unity of creative exchange. Recently
I saw grandparents walking with their grandson on
Knox Mountain. abc experiencing could have enriched
their walk. There is a special tree on the path to Paul's tomb
that beckons to be seen.
abc experiencing adventures are structured to
encourage perceptive imaginative observations from nature and
to foster interaction between young people and
adult guides/leaders or parents. Participants are
brought together to experience ecological walking
tours which promote close observation of natural
forms and imaginative translations of these into
sketches/paintings. Note-taking and photography are
encouraged to allow for further "mind
wanderings"
and translations after the adventure.
The program is designed to encourage
participants to see nature with fresh eyes and to feel
the joy of expressing with "heART." Curious
youth, eager to explore nature and themselves, are
powerful, imaginative creators. Teaching youth to
have faith in the creative urgings of their hearts is the
most important lesson adults can impart. It frees them
to grow from within. Interaction in abc
experiencing is modelled on the tradition of elders in
aboriginal cultures, with the goal of bringing a
student to the threshold of his or her own mind. The
following is a description from a model for
traditional aboriginal teaching:
Naturally, in each child's own time
Holistically
Through observation
Listening to elders/ others telling and demonstrating
Trying skills in real-life situations
Learning about values and beliefs whenever the opportunity arises
Trying something else when one approach was not effective
For me their intent harkens back to the method
of instruction begun when Plato walked with his
students in ancient Greece.
Dionysos has been generous in his gifts to
the Okanagan. As our new sign says, we are home to Canada's top wines and artists. Let's celebrate
his spirit in developing our cultural ethos. Let's each
consider how we can incorporate his wisdom, the creativity
of our souls, to enrich our community. I suggest a first
step is to look for his messages within our
community's natural splendour. Youth who feel their oneness
with the environment will discover ways to keep it,
and themselves, alive. Let's show our youth how to
Party with the creative spirit the
universal mind in which we are one with nature. With
this gift they will discover how to meet today's
environmental challenges and how to create a 21st-century culture of
celebration.
We live in a world of theophanies. Holiness
comes wrapped in the ordinary. There are burning
bushes all around you. Every tree is full of angels.
Hidden beauty is waiting in every crumb. Life wants to
lead you from crumbs to angels, but this can happen
only if you are willing to unwrap the ordinary by
staying with it long enough to harvest its treasure.
Macrina Wiederkehr
Copyright © 2007 Karen Close. All rights reserved.
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